The Day After 911 Changes of the United States - 963 Words

â€Å"The Day after 911: Changes of the United States† The Middle East is one of the birthplaces of human kind’s civilization. Since the Ancient Egypt, Sumer, the Arab Empire, Turkey Empire, or even to present day, the Middle East has always been a valuable strategic point for not only because of its geographic location but also it full of petroleum and nature gas. According the OPEC (Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) that 66% of the global oil reserves are in the Middle East and only 6% in North America, this makes a lot of powerful countries want to share a pieces of the Middle East, Stephen mentions â€Å"Much of the world s oil wealth exists along the Persian Gulf, with particularly large reserves in Saudi Arabia, Kuwait†¦show more content†¦Therefore I can say: After 911, United States had a different perception of the threat to civilization, and this indeed, resulting threat to American civilization. National interests are usually the ma in consideration for the U.S. foreign policy, which can divide into two different parts. First, to protect and prevent American people from any kind of attack, which is the most important and commonly agreed unanimously. Second, helping and maintaining the operation of the U.S. government. To ensure that the interests of national development are not being compromised, Untied States have more aggressively policy to protect its national interests. Some people believe the â€Å"the U.S. will use unrivaled military power to further the global counterterrorism movement and democracy as the core goal of foreign policy. Furthermore, the U.S. hopes that all countries and societies can choose the most advantageous political and economic system to themselves independently, to help those countries which have been used as safe haven by terrorism organizations to get rid of the chaos caused by war and poverty.† Work Cited Baker, Peter and Linzer, Dafina. â€Å"U.S. policy on ‘Axis of Evil’ Suffer Spate of Setback.† The Washington Post, Aug. 17, 2005, p.A01 Huntington, Sameul. The Clash of Civilizations. The Aims of Argument: A Text and Reader. 5th ed. Eds. Timothy Crusius and Carolyn Channell. Boston: McGraw-Hill, 2005.Show MoreRelatedThe Events Of The War On Terror1024 Words   |  5 Pagesmost vital will be cultural historical viewpoint because it change Americas culture and how the viewed the world in a major way. 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September 11, 2001 is a day that no American will ever forget, a day that left a huge impact on the lives of many Americans, a day that has changed America and the world forever. On this day, known as 9/11, America had suffered its first attack on native soil since the Japanese’s bombing of Pearl Harbor in December of 1941 (American Decades, 223). The morningRead MoreThe Effects Of Violence On Domestic Violence1380 Words   |  6 Pagesabuse, emotional abuse, or psychological abuse, and can affect not only the victim, but anyone that he or she may come in contact with. In today’s society, it is very common to find domestic abuse in households, but not much is being done to stop it. After researching the various causes of domestic violence, one can conclude that there are many reasons that may have triggered the abuser’s sudden need to have the upper hand. 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Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life Free Essays

Ted Childs, IBM’s vice president of global workforce diversity, knows from years of experience that communicating successfully across cultures is no simple task, however—particularly in a company that employs more than 325,000 people and sells to customers in roughly 175 countries around the world. Language alone presents a formidable barrier to communication when you consider that IBM’s workforce speaks more than 165 languages, but language is just one of many elements that play a role in communication between cultures. Differences in age, ethnic background, gender, sexual orientation, physical ability, and economic status can all affect the communication process. We will write a custom essay sample on Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now Childs recognizes that these differences represent both a challenge and an oopportunity, and a key part of his job is helping IBM executives and employees work together in a way that transforms their cultural differences into a critical business strength. As he Ted Childs oversees IBM’s efforts to build competitive advantage by capitalizing on the benefits of a diverse workforce. 64 WORLD IBM’s experience (profiled in the chapter-opening Communication Close-Up) illustrates both the challenges and the opportunities for business professionals who know how to communicate with diverse audiences. Although the concept is often framed in terms of ethnic background, a broader and more useful definition of diversity â€Å"includes all the characteristics and experiences that define each of us as individuals. †2 As you’ll learn in this chapter, these characteristics and experiences can have a profound effect on the way businesspeople communicate. To a large degree, these effects on communication are the result of fundamental differences between cultures. Intercultural communication is the process of sending and receiving messages between people whose cultural background could lead them to interpret verbal and nonverbal signs differently. Every attempt to send and receive messages is influenced by culture, so to communicate successfully, you’ll need a basic grasp of the cultural differences you may encounter and how you should handle them. Your efforts to recognize and surmount cultural differences will open up business opportunities tthroughout the world and maximize the contribution of all the employees in a diverse workforce. The Opportunities in a Global Marketplace You will communicate with people from other cultures tthroughout your career. You might be a business manager looking for new customers or new sources of labor. Or you might be an employee looking for new work opportunities. Either way, chances are good that you’ll be looking across international borders sometime in your career. Thousands of U. S. businesses depend on exports for significant portions of their revenues. Every year, these companies export roughly $700 billion in materials and merchandise, along with billions more in personal and professional services. If you work in one of these companies, you may well be called on to visit or at least communicate with a wide vvariety of people who speak languages other than English and who live in cultures quite different from what you’re used to (see Figure 3. 1). Of the top ten export markets for U. S. products, only three (Canada, Great Britain, and Singapore) speak English as an official language, and two of those three (Canada and Singapore) have more than one official language. 3 In the global marketplace, most natural boundaries and national borders are no longer the impassable barriers they once were. Domestic markets are opening to worldwide competition as businesses of all sizes look for new growth opportunities outside their own countries. For example, automotive giant Ford markets to customers in some 130 countries, providing websites that offer local information, usually in the local language. 4 The diversity of today’s workforce brings distinct advantages to businesses: †¢ A broader range of views and ideas †¢ A better understanding of diverse, fragmented markets †¢ A broader pool of talent from which to recruit The Advantages of a Diverse Workforce Even if you never visit another country or transact business on a global scale, you will interact with colleagues from a vvariety of cultures with a wide range of characteristics and life experiences. Over the past few decades, many innovative companies have changed the way they approach diversity, from seeing it as a legal requirement to provide equal opportunities to seeing it as a strategic oopportunity to connect with customers and take advantage of the broadest possible pool of talent. 5 Smart business leaders such as IBM’s Ted CHAPTER 3 Communicating in a World of Diversity 65 FIGURE 3. 1 Languages of the World This map illustrates the incredible array of languages used around the world. Each dot represents the geographic center of the more than 6,900 languages tracked by the linguistic research firm SIL International. Even if all of your business communication takes place in English, you will interact with audiences who speak a vvariety of other native languages. Childs recognize the competitive advantages of a diverse workforce that offers a broader spectrum of viewpoints and ideas, helps companies understand and identify with diverse markets, and enables companies to benefit from a wider range of employee talents. As Renee Wingo of Virgin Mobile USA, a cell phone operator based in Warren, New Jersey, puts it, â€Å"You’re not going to create any magic as a manager unless you bring together people with diverse perspectives who aren’t miniversions of you. †6 Diversity is simply a fact of life for all companies. The United States has been a nation of immigrants from the beginning, and that trend continues today. The Western and Northern Europearns who made up the bulk of immigrants during the nation’s early years now share space with people from across Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, and other parts of the world. By 2010 recent immigrants will account for half of all new U. S. workers. 7 Even the term minority, as it applies to nonwhite residents, makes less and less sense every year: In two states (California and New Mexico) and several dozen large Communication among people of diverse cultural backgrounds cities, Caucasian Americans no longer constitute a clear ma- and life experiences is not always easy, but doing it successfully jority. 8 Nor is this pattern of immigration unique to the United can create tremendous strategic advantages. States: Workers from Africa, Asia, and the Middle East are moving to Europe in search of new opportunities, while workers from India, the Philippines, and Southeast Asia contribute to the employment base of the Middle East. 9 However, you and your colleagues don’t need to be recent immigrants to constitute a diverse workforce. Differences in everything from age and gender to religion and ethnic heritage to geography and military experience enrich the workplace. Both immigration and workforce diversity create advantages—and challenges—for business communicators tthroughout the world. 6 PART 1 Understanding the Foundations of Business Communication The Challenges of Intercultural Communication A company’s cultural diversity affects how its business messages are conceived, composed, delivered, received, and interpreted. Culture influences everything about communication, including †¢ Language †¢ Nonverbal signals †¢ Word meaning †¢ Time and space issues †¢ Rules of human relationships Diversity affects how business messages are conceived, planned, sent, received, and interpreted in the workplace. Today’s increasingly diverse workforce encompasses a wide range of skills, traditions, backgrounds, experiences, outlooks, and attitudes toward work—all of which can affect employee behavior on the job. Supervisors face the challenge of communicating with these diverse employees, motivating them, and fostering cooperation and harmony among them. Teams face the challenge of working together closely, and companies are challenged to coexist peacefully with business partners and with the community as a whole. The interaction of culture and communication is so pervasive that separating the two is virtually impossible. The way you communicate—from the language you speak and the nonverbal signals you send to the way you perceive other people—is influenced by the culture in which you were raised. The meaning of words, the significance of gestures, the importance of time and space, the rules of human relationships—these and many other aspects of communication are defined by culture. To a large degree, your culture influences the way you think, which naturally affects the way you communicate as both a sender and a receiver. 0 So you can see how intercultural communication is much more complicated than simply matching language between sender and receiver. It goes beyond mere words to beliefs, values, and emotions. Tthroughout this chapter, you’ll see numerous examples of how communication styles and habits vary from one culture to another. These examples are intended to illustrate the major themes of intercultural communication, not to give an exhaustive list of styles and ha bits of any particular culture. How to cite Advantages of Communication in Today’s Life, Papers

Role And Requirement Of Employees Training †Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Role And Requirement Of Employees Training. Answer: Introduction Modern organizations are finding new methods to improve the efficiency and productivity of their employees. Human resource management of corporations is requiring formulating policies regarding the enhancement of employees productivity. One of such policies includes providing organizational training to workers to improve their development. In recent times, most of the companies implement a corporate social responsibility strategy which requires them to consider the development of their employees. Providing organizational training can be beneficial for corporations because it assists in improving workers productivity and helps in the expansion of the corporation. This essay will focus analyzing the role and requirement of employees training in an organization. Further, the drawbacks of organization training will be discussed in the essay. The theories given by market experts regarding the importance of organizational training will be evaluated in the essay. Importance of Organizational Training In old days, competition in any industry awas at a very low level, because there was very limited number of suppliers and the demand for products and services, was not much. But due to globalization, the level of competition among various corporations is constantly increasing and they want to enhance their business overseas. As per McCracken, Brown OKane (2012), this is essential for their long-term growth, it also assists them in sustaining their vision and mission. In order to improve the overall performance of organization top-level management of a corporation assign a significant task to human resource department. This job is related to providing various kinds of training to the employees of an enterprise as they are considered as one of the most important resources which are available to a country. A satisfied, motivated and highly trained employee can give the surprising result to the company. Management of an enterprise needs to understand that training needs of every worker are different. So they have to analyze their weakness and provide the necessary training according to their future job that company is going to give them in upcoming time (Olaniyan Ojo 2008). There are different methods of organizational training that human resource management can implement in the organizations to provide training to employees such as on the job, off the job, lectures, group discussions and management games. Sahinidis Bouris (2008) provided that some employees prefer on the job training because they do not believe in theoretical knowledge and classroom lectures. They prefer on the job training because it helps them in understanding the work in short period of time and in an effective manner. Management of a company should provide off the job training to their employees because it expands their knowledge and provides the basic understanding of the task which employees will be doing in forthcoming time. An origination should not focus on one or two departments; they must try to find the training needs of every employee who are working in various departments. This is essential for overall development of a company; if they synchronize their efforts and provi de necessary training to all divisions of enterprise then they can assure optimum utilization of available resources and attaining their long-term goals in an effective manner (Giangreco, Carugati Sebastiano 2010). Corporations can achieve various benefits by implementing an organizational training strategy. As per Grossman Salas (2011), one of the primary advantages of organizational training includes improved productivity of employees. The completion between corporations is significantly high which require companies to increase their efficiency. The quality of employees work to influence the growth of a corporation, therefore, the human resource department is required to hire skillful workers. The human resource department can improve the working quality of workers by providing them training. Trained employees have better productivity than compared to the employees without training. The organization can establish a lock-in period for the employees which they provide training, due to such lock-in period, the turnover rate of employees can be reduced by the company. The recruitment and selection procedure of a corporation can be improved by an effective organizational training strategy because candidates prefer an organization which provides training on the job (King Grace 2008). Another benefit of organizational training is better profitability in the companys operation. The corporations face many difficulties while converting their additional sales into profits. Zheng Lamond (2010), the human resource department of the organization can implement training strategies to avoid the profitability issues. Trained employees assist enterprises in improving the profitability of the operation. In modern times, the competition between organizations forces them to constantly update their policies regarding the better working environment. It is a vital part of an enterprise is to train its employees as it will allow them to increase their growth potential and develop their organizational capabilities. This is why effective training of the employees in the organization is required and employees training programmers should be effectively implemented by the enterprise within its departments. Apart from helping the corporation to achieve its organizational goals, it will a lso help the employees to develop within themselves, which is a crucial part of the corporate social responsibility strategy of the company (Giangreco, Sebastiano Peccei 2009). Apart from various benefits of organizational training, there are several drawbacks of implementing this strategy within the company. Armstrong-Stassen (2008) provided that one of the primary disadvantages of implementing the training program is related to the high amount spent by the company. The training programs have to be implemented in every department, it is highly costly to implement on account of the company. The equipment required during the training of the employees is generally very expensive, which adds to the overall expenditure of the company without making any profit for the enterprise. As long as the allocation of the resources of the enterprise is concerned, training the employees is very time-consuming. While the training programme is undertaken, both the experienced employees who provide training and the new employees who require training doesnt work until the training program are finished. This doesnt enable the organization to make any real profit for the time be ing (Owoyemi et al. 2011). According to Elnaga Imran (2013), for the employees, the training program can be significantly exhausting and stressful. Some of the employees lose interest in the training as they feel exhausted by the work and the training. The impact of training did not improve the productivity of workers if they lose interest in their job, which defeats the purpose of training. In this modern era, technology is constantly changing especially in industries like software, automobile, and information technology due to which the technology on which an enterprise is running becomes obsolete as soon as a new technological advancement occurs in the market. Therefore, the training provided by the company to the employees becomes useless in just a short period of time and they have to come up with a new training strategy to train their employees to learn about the new technology (Ashar et al. 2013). Besides having so many limitations, organizational training is an essential strategy in attaining long-term goals of an enterprise. Tabasssi, Ramli Bakar (2012) provided that one can easily find a shortcoming in any process but they need to find the solution of various problems in order to improve the efficiency of workers and overall performance of a corporation. In this changing business environment, the working culture is changing in regular interval of time, so the need of chaining is also enhancing with increasing complexity in business. It is the responsibility of human resource department to identify the need for training and then make appropriate strategy according to working culture of a company. Increasing cost can be a trouble for a corporation at the initial stage but its long-term impact always comes in favor of the enterprise. Sometimes employees may resist training but management should convince them by telling them various kinds of career opportunities which workers may get in forthcoming time (Casalino, DAtri Braccini 2012). Conclusion From the above essay, it can be concluded that the competition between organizations has grown rapidly in past few decades. For improving efficiency and enhancing development, corporations can provide training to their employees. Trained employees can assist corporations in enhancing their growth and sustain their development. There are numerous benefits of organizational training such as improvement of productivity; positive work environment; satisfied employees and it also assists human resource management in recruitment and retention process. The drawbacks of providing training include wastage of time and money, uninterested workforce and wastage of resources. The human resource department can analyze the culture and requirement of the corporation to implement an effective training strategy which can augment the growth of the company. References Armstrong?Stassen, M. (2008). Organisational practices and the post?retirement employment experience of older workers.Human Resource Management Journal,18(1), 36-53. Casalino, N., DAtri, A., Braccini, A. M. (2012). A quality management training system concerning ISO standards for sustainable organisational change in SMEs.International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management,9(1), 25-45. Elnaga, A., Imran, A. (2013). The effect of training on employee performance.European Journal of Business and Management,5(4), 137-147. Giangreco, A., Carugati, A., Sebastiano, A. (2010). Are we doing the right thing? Food for thought on training evaluation and its context.Personnel Review,39(2), 162-177. Giangreco, A., Sebastiano, A., Peccei, R. (2009). Trainees' reactions to training: an analysis of the factors affecting overall satisfaction with training.The international journal of human resource management,20(1), 96-111. Grossman, R., Salas, E. (2011). The transfer of training: what really matters.International Journal of Training and Development,15(2), 103-120. King, C., Grace, D. (2008). Internal branding: Exploring the employee's perspective.Journal of Brand Management,15(5), 358-372. McCracken, M., Brown, T. C., O'Kane, P. (2012). Swimming against the current: Understanding how a positive organisational training climate can enhance training participation and transfer in the public sector.International Journal of Public Sector Management,25(4), 301-316. Olaniyan, D. A., Ojo, L. B. (2008). Staff training and development: a vital tool for organisational effectiveness.European Journal of Scientific Research,24(3), 326-331. Owoyemi, O. A., Oyelere, M., Elegbede, T., Gbajumo-Sheriff, M. (2011). Enhancing employees commitment to organisation through training.International Journal of Business and Management,6(7), 280. Sahinidis, A. G., Bouris, J. (2008). Employee perceived training effectiveness relationship to employee attitudes.Journal of European Industrial Training,32(1), 63-76. Tabassi, A. A., Ramli, M., Bakar, A. H. A. (2012). Effects of training and motivation practices on teamwork improvement and task efficiency: The case of construction firms.International Journal of Project Management,30(2), 213-224. Zheng, C., Lamond, D. (2010). Organisational determinants of employee turnover for multinational companies in Asia.Asia Pacific journal of management,27(3), 423-443. Ashar, M., Ghafoor, M., Munir, E., Hafeez, S. (2013). The impact of perceptions of training on employee commitment and turnover intention: Evidence from Pakistan.International journal of human resource studies,3(1), 74.

Marketing Strategy Place of Company Nikon free essay sample

Advertising is key to successful implementation of the strategic plan. The more often employees hear about the plan, its elements, and ways to measure its success, the greater the possibility that they will undertake it as part of their daily work lives. It is especially important that employees are aware of the measurement systems and that significant achievements be rewarded and celebrated. This positive reinforcement increases support of the plan and belief in its possibilities. Without buy-in from the head of a company, it is unlikely that other members will be supportive in the planning and eventual implementation process, thereby dooming the plan before it ever takes shape. Commitment and support of the strategic-planning initiative must spread from the president and/or CEO all the way down through the ranks to the line worker on the factory floor. Just as importantly, the strategic-planning team should be composed of top-level managers who are capable of representing the interests, concerns, and opinions of all members of the organization. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Strategy Place of Company Nikon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As well, organizational theory dictates that there should be no more than twelve members of the team. This allows group dynamics to function at their optimal level. The components of the strategic-planning process read much like a laundry list, with one exception: each piece of the process must be kept in its sequential order since each part builds upon the previous one. This is where the similarity to a flow chart is most evident, as can be seen in the following illustration. The only exceptions to this are environmental scanning and continuous implementation, which are continuous processes throughout. This article will now focus on the discussion of each component of the formulation process: environmental scanning, continuous implementation, values assessment, vision and mission formulation, strategy design, performance audit analysis, gap analysis, action-plan development, contingency planning, and final implementation. After that, this article will discuss a Japanese variation to Strategy Formulation, Hoshin Planning, which has become very popular.

Sample of Essay Opening Paragraph

Sample of Essay Opening ParagraphAn essay that contains a sample of the essay opening paragraph has a dual purpose. First, it allows the reader to immediately recognize that you are providing them with what is known as a 'sample.' Second, it provides a reference point to help move the story forward.If your essay begins with a sample of essay opening paragraph, then the reader is aware that you are writing about them. They know exactly what you are going to say and how it is going to go about doing so. They also know what questions you are going to ask and what information you are going to present in this section. As the reader moves through your essay, you want them to not only be able to understand and identify the information they are reading but also to feel like they are getting a good understanding of the material you are providing them with.By setting the scene in this way, you also help to provide yourself with more power and confidence by filling in the blanks that come from your own knowledge and experience. The idea is to keep them on track with a goal that you are trying to accomplish.An example of a sample of essay opening paragraph used to lead into a speech or a dissertation is: 'Some years ago, I went to Peru as a volunteer on a nature study team. As we toured around the countryside, we were out and about in the back country and I noticed an unusual cluster of homes. The area was very remote and even though it looked more like a forest than a city, it was still very much urbanized. We stopped at a home where the people lived and after we left they invited us inside for tea.After all was said and done, a woman came up to me and told me her name was Louise and that she had lived there for many years. She told me that she had lived under a small tree on a very cold day and had managed to get two little puppies out.This woman shared with me a beautiful story of her adventures and when I asked her if she wanted to tell the rest of the story, she jumpe d at the chance. She told me that during the last two weeks she had been traveling the streets of Lima, and she had run across many strange people and she didn't know what to make of them. I remembered her story so well because in my travels I had run into the same sort of situation before and in both cases the people turned out to be very kind and grateful for our help. I decided to send a few of my friends to visit her in Lima and we had a great time together.She told me that one of the people she ran into that first week had met her friend who took me to see her and this man had been very excited to meet her and to have me in his home. He seemed to realize what an interesting companion he was about to become, and he expressed this thought to me and I am sure he understood that our meeting would not be as simple as it seemed. He asked me if I would be interested in living with him and if I had any questions he wanted to ask me. I can't explain to you how important this fact made i n my decision because my friend said that if I stayed in Lima it would probably be difficult for me to get back to Toronto because we would spend so much time together.

Shylocks First Scene Essays - Orientalism, The Merchant Of Venice

Shylock's First Scene Shylocks First Scene Shylocks first scene in The Merchant of Venice is important because it sets the tone for the audiences view of him throughout the play. I have never seen the play performed, but it has been my experience that an audience will form an opinion of a character upon first seeing them. There are many different ways of portraying Shylock in his first scene. I will be focussing on portraying Shylock as a villain. I understand that his role is villainous, but various actors and directors have actually portrayed him differently. I like to think of my way, as the way Shakespeare himself would have done it. During a production of Merchant the audience will see Shylock before they hear him, so I will start with his appearance. Shylock first appears in Act 1, Scene 3. He needs to be an old man stricken in years, but only in the face. It should be a little wrinkled, and his hair ought to be gray. It is important that in his first scene Shylock stands up straight and appears strong and confident. Shylock shall lose this confidence and posture by the end of my production, but for this scene he must be on the verge of arrogance. He should be outfitted in a Jewish garbadine, a garment of rich material but a dull shade and it must fit him well. This will give the appearance that he is rich, but not trying to brag about it. It is important to note here that Bassanio must appear in mild dress. He should not depict a commoner, but at the same time not be wearing anything flashy, this will add to the grandeur of Shylocks clothing. I would also have Shylock and Bassanio walk about the rear of the st age and appear to be speaking to each other. That way the audience will be able to begin forming their opinion before hearing Shylock speak. As the pair comes forward on the stage, the audience will then be able to hear what it is they are talking about. Shylocks first line is as equally important as his appearance is. Three thousand ducats, well? (The Complete Works of William Shakespeare, ed. Bevington, 1.3.1) should be said in a manner that portrays a love of money. The audience must believe that Shylock is greedy from the very beginning. If they believe he is greedy, and after they hear the conditions of the loan, then they will anticipate an ending of their own. If the audience is trying to follow a mystery throughout the play it will be more enjoyable for them. If there is no mystery in the play, an audiences mind can wander. As Shylock goes on in the scene there is one word that emanates throughout his lines, and that is ducats. The mentioning of the ducats must be made in a lingering, caressing tone that also puts across Shylocks love of money. Shylocks actions during his conversation with Bassanio should also imply greed. He may put his hand over his billfold area while questioning the amount or rub his thumb and forefingers as if he was sorting money. His first line will also note the sum to the audience with a hint of inquiry. The second line, For three months, well? should determine a negative answer is forthcoming, but leave Bassanio to keep enticing him. The third line for Shylock, Antonio shall become bound, well should be performed in a manner that the audience will come away thinking there is something between Antonio and Shylock. The actor portraying Shylock should emit a momentary flash of hate by using piercing eyes or a contraction of muscles. Immediately following this flash the actor must resume total self-control. This will make the audience definite that Shylock is to be a main character and interesting events have preceded and will follow. With the opening of Act 1, Scene 3 portrayed this way, the audience will be filled with anticipation throughout the play. They will wonder what twists and turns Shylocks greed and hatred will bring, and how it will affect their other favorite characters. English Essays

Is Sports Cmpetition Relevant to Academic Learning

Is Sports Cmpetition Relevant to Academic Learning Read whether sports competition is relevant to academic learning. Learning Theories and Relevance of Competitive Sport Learning theories have significant implications in the way academic  institutions facilitate learning. For instance, learning through reward and punishment  is Behaviorist learning practices while learning through input and memorization of educational materials is a Cognitive-learning concept. Similarly, the term â€Å"student-centered† learning is a Constructivist idea that people learn better when they â€Å"construct† own knowledge and meaning. However, since the aim of applying these learning theories in a school setting is to enhance knowledge of curriculum, they do not support the kind of knowledge acquired through sports competition similar to the volleyball match where athletes with #PusoAteneo won. Social Learning Theory is for learning social skills and therefore not academically relevant. Some literature argues that it is relevant to physical education, as such academic subject contributes to socially and morally educated citizens. The problem, however, is the fact that physical education is never for students’ social or moral development, but for learning health-related activities. Moreover, social skills and moral values allegedly developed from physical education are results rather than a facilitator of academic learning. You may be interested in: Practice What You Preach Is High IQ a Guarantee of Academic Success? Contrary to common belief, sport is not synonymous with physical education. Sports are physical activities in which adults and young people compete while physical education is a learning process prescribed by the curriculum. Although the subject often includes sports, there is no inherent necessity for physical education to foster and promote competitive behavior. Sport, therefore, is never an academic subject while competitive behavior is exclusive to sport. Overall, competition is not an objective in physical education and irrelevant to academic learning. The question is why schools are so eager about competition and spending significant time and money on their respective sports teams. The True Benefit of Sport Competition The study shows that participation in sport is mostly an individual decision while school-sponsored sports competition is an after-school activity. The common objective is to facilitate the skills and knowledge necessary to support a healthy and productive lifestyle. Interscholastic sport or â€Å"varsity sport† is the system of competition between schools, but remains an extracurricular activity in terms of funding. Collegiate sports or sports competition between colleges and universities, on the other hand, are governed by private national organizations. The academic institutions, however, provide the funding and give a full scholarship to their athletes. Successful athletes in return generate a large amount of revenue for their school. The learning benefit of sports competition appears limited to elementary and school. Sport in higher education seems more of a business strategy than a learning experience. In fact, collegiate sports in North America according to author Maylon Hanold are â€Å"solidly a business† within academic institutions. Most successful teams and athletes received money from corporate sponsors and therefore always determined to win regardless of injury or being involved in cheating. The #PusoAteneo or â€Å"Heart of Ateneo† University is, therefore, referring to college athletes’ competitive spirit or the â€Å"heart of champion† that has nothing to do with physical education and academic learning.